Special-shape springs are elastic elements made of spring steel wire with irregular shapes and complex angle designs. They are mainly classified into disc springs, variable-diameter helical springs, and convex helical springs. Using rectangular cross-section materials improves space utilization and load capacity. Common types include high-energy-absorbing spiral helical springs.
Production equipment includes straight-tail spring coiling machines, bending machines, and special-shape spring forming machines such as the ZO type from West German company WAFIOS and the MS type from French company TC. These springs are manufactured using 23-axis CNC bending machines to achieve complex component manufacturing, supporting non-standard customized sizes, helix directions, and shapes. Materials include 65 manganese, stainless steel, and high-fatigue-grade chromium-silicon steel wire. They are mainly used in automotive suspension systems, hardware, electronic communications, medical devices, aerospace, and other fields, achieving vibration reduction optimization and space saving in new energy vehicles. The production process includes semi-automated coiling processes, and the use of specialized auxiliary tools can improve efficiency by approximately 10 times. Some companies use digital flexible process control systems for mass production.
